Table 1 AR in gaming

Tangible AR for computer games

Tangible AR provides a highly effective environment for multiplayer computer games. The communication between man and machine is simplified by the tangible user interface. The technologies used include the Studierstube and ARToolKit.

N/A

These types of systems combine the appealing animations and easy interactions of computer games and real-world board games.

[44]

Handheld AR games

The device’s movement and orientation were optically captured, relative to a visual marker; this enabled interactive control of mobile games in 3D. Recognition of multiple game-specific gestures was performed, and the mobile device camera view was augmented by overlaying graphics.

Handheld AR system architecture and game prototypes with specific hardware and technologies were described.

Handheld AR games are much more feasible, compared to HMD and other equipment, in terms of bulkiness and mobility.

[18, 45]

Audio AR system

Using an audio-only infrastructure, a game where the players can move in the real world and trigger actions in the virtual world was implemented. A simple wearable computer, along with an RF-based system, was used to detect the location of the players. Digital sounds corresponding to the current state of the user were played.

A prototype for a role-playing game that utilized a low-cost, lightweight audio augmented infrastructure was created. This infrastructure may be extended to other applications such as audio tours.

This system showcases immersive gaming environments, which can provide better experiences to gamers. Furthermore, it is effective for complex systems that require user interaction.

[46]

Multimodal AR tangible gaming

A tangible AR gaming environment that uses a multimodal tracking interface was presented. It was possible for the user to interact efficiently with the superimposed environment. It was also possible to implement six types of interactions: pinch glove interaction, hand position and orientation, head orientation, UMPC I/O manipulation and Wii interaction.

Two tabletop games based on AR were designed and implemented.

It enhances the gaming experience.

Tangible games appear to be significantly more enjoyable than keyboard games.

[36]

Pervasive AR games to experience tourist destinations

The ExCORA mobile experience aimed to facilitate the engagement of the general public with the Urgull Mountain Spain. The aim was to encourage people to visit the mountain and to educate the visitors.

The game was tested, and it was concluded that the players can be immersed in the game, which had a simple interface.

Pervasive AR games provide an engaging and fulfilling tourism experience.

[47]

The MATRIS project

A real-time system that measures the movement of a camera was implemented through the MATRIS Project. The features in the scene from an inertial sensor were tracked by image analysis. The MATRIS approach was based on the way humans use the vestibular organs and eyes, which act like the camera.

N/A

No special infrastructure required for real-time camera tracking. It can be used in broadcasting and other AR applications.

[48]

Real-time AR system for sports broadcast video enhancement

Visuals for court-net sports, which were broadcasted on TV, were enhanced using an AR system. An expectation- maximization procedure was utilized to find the optimal feature points and acquire camera parameters from the TV image. A virtual camera was derived and mapping from the original camera was performed, making it possible to synthesize scenes from the players’ viewpoint,

The system was tested on six TV clips of sports such as tennis, volleyball, and badminton. The results obtained were promising.

The augmented content enables users to enjoy and comprehend the sports game better. The user can choose the viewpoint and engage better in the sports matches.

[49]

Enhanced broadcasting using AR in MPEG-4

Personalized immersive sports TV experience system aims at creating visual enhancements through AR and their embedding in the sports events footage in real-time or replay. This may be possible using an infrastructure based on MPEG-4, video processing, and computer vision techniques. The enhancements are then delivered over digital video broadcasting infrastructure.

N/A

Digitally interactive television offers new possibilities to viewers at home. The viewers may acquire a deeper understanding of sports events

[50]

Architecture of augmented broadcasting service for next-generation smart TV

Augmented broadcasting service for multimedia consumption, social network participation, and viewer-centric broadcasting. Viewers can watch the original broadcast and mixed broadcast, as per demand.

The architecture for this system was proposed in this study. This service has already been used in the virtual advertisement of many sports broadcasts.

Viewer-centric broadcasting is also possible.

[51]