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Table 4 Detailed outcomes of FEA

From: Robustness optimization for rapid prototyping of functional artifacts based on visualized computing digital twins

FEM outcomes

Value

Relative position ratio

Material temperature (℃) (Fig. 11a)

Maximum

79.496

(0.860, 0.556, 0)

Minimum

33.831

(0, 0.444, 0.645)

Average

60.851

/

Total deformation (mm) (Fig. 11b)

Maximum

1.965

(0, 1, 0.484)

Minimum

0

(0.78, 0.303, 0)

Average

0.245

/

Directional deformation along X directions, positive, negative and average (mm) (Fig. 11c)

Maximum + 

1.066

(0, 0.485, 0.613)

Maximum –

0.859

(0.960, 0.949, 0.258)

Average

0.035

/

Directional deformation along Y directions, positive, negative and average (mm) (Fig. 11d)

Maximum + 

1.063

(0, 0.444, 0.613)

Maximum –

1.778

(0, 1, 0.484)

Average

-0.028

/

Directional deformation along Z directions, positive, negative and average (mm) (Fig. 11e)

Maximum + 

0.745

(0.960, 0.960, 0.097)

Maximum –

0.440

(0.330, 0.859, 0.161)

Average

-0.060

/

Maximum Principal Stress (MPa) (Fig. 11f)

Maximum + 

361.510

(0, 0.980, 0.097)

Maximum –

-24.642

(0.050, 0.939, 0.677)

Average

61.754

/